What is Wireless?

Wireless is the new, modern technology. With prices reducing, and connection speed increasing. Wireless refers to communications between two points requiring no cables/wire.

You can purchase wireless routers that enable you to use Ethernet or Wireless, or Wireless Access Points. The advantage of wireless is you are able to be anywhere in range with a laptop or computer and receive a connection.

What is ADSL2 and ADSL2+?

This is where ADSL took its leap into a better, faster and more reliable connection. ADSL download speeds are usually between the range of 256 to 15000Kbps and upload speeds of 6Kbps to 256Kbps. ADSL and ADSL2+ use the same telephone line as the old ADSL but transfer data faster and further then before. ADSL users can connect up to 12Mbps depending on how far you are from the exchange, the ISP (internet service provider) ADSL2+ can offer speeds up to 24Mbps once again, depending on how close you are to the exchange and ISP (Internet Provider). With benefits like these and connection speeds this fast, you are able to experience movies, audio and even websites in real time with no delay.

What is Satellite?

Satellite is another form of fast internet but yet again costs more than broadband and the downloading limits are restricted. You will need a satellite dish, a phone line and dialup line for uploading data to the internet, so if you don’t have 2 phone lines you will not be able to use the phone while surfing the net.

Your computer connects to a satellite dish and you connect up to about 400Kbps. Satellite is generally used when broadband has not been implemented so far, for example mine sites that only have the alternative of dialup or satellite, satellite being the better alternative.

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What is a webcam?

A webcam is basically a digital camera connected to a computer. A webcam has the capability of taking photo’s, recording video and recording sound. Webcam’s have become very popular in modern time as connection speeds have increased therefore enabling streaming video from other sides of the world.

What is a thumb drive?

A USB thumb drive is a small device hence the name “thumb drive”, that is able to hold data. Thumb drives are an excellent source for portable data.

To use a thumb drive you simply plug it into the USB port in the computer and windows will automatically find the hardware and install it for you. A thumb drive is re-writeable and you will most likely find they hold 256MB, 512MB, 1GB or 2GB of data, depending on which one is efficient for you.

What is a router?

A router is the most intelligent device, it connects two networks together, for example a LAN to a WAN. It makes decisions about which Internet traffic will follow. Routers use headers and a forwarding table to determine where packets go and they use protocols such as ICMP to talk to each other and configure the est route between any two hosts. You are able to configure a router to block ports or allow ports, routers are also used as firewalls to protect your network.

What is a switch?

A switch is a lot like a hub, it is a device that connects multiple nodes (computers) together with a few differences. A switch is a more intelligent device than a hub, unlike hubs switches are able to check packets being sent and received. Switches support 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1000Mbps. Switches utilize network bandwidth much more effectively than hubs ever did.

What is a hub?

A hub is a device that connects a number of devices or nodes (computers) together. It acts as a central unit. You would normally see a hub hidden away because there as usually so many Ethernet cables plugged into it. With a hub you do not need to configure anything, it is a very simple device you just plug the Ethernet cables from your nodes (computers) or other devices like another hub or switch.

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We may become used to computers at our office and homes, but the innards always remain a mystery of sorts. What lies inside the box? What creates the dazzling images and almost reads your mind? The components which make up a personal computer are barely few.

The biggest part of a PC is the mother board. It is called so because it acts as a substratum on which other components are mounted. The motherboard itself has many slots in which other parts can be added. First of all, the motherboard requires power to operate. Being a digital component, it works on direct current. The conversion from the usual alternating current supply to direct current is accomplished by the power supply. The power supply gives off heat and therefore requires a fan to cool it down. This is the whirring sound which you normally hear from the back of a PC box. This box which contains the modules and the motherboard is called a mini tower or a full tower depending on its size.

The heart of any PC is the microprocessor. This device accepts, modifies and presents data. Intel and AMD are two companies which manufacture microprocessors. The microprocessor is designed in a compact form and sits in the slot provided on the motherboard. It can be recognized by the fan which is mounted right on top of it.

The motherboard also has slots for the video card, audio card and the internet card, which is also called a network interface card. The latest motherboards have all features built into itself and therefore does not need cards to be added. Video cards are connected to the output device or what we know as a monitor.

The advanced video cards have their own memory for faster operation .They are called video RAM or Video random access memory. The PC requires some other essential components called the memory. Memory itself can be divided into three categories. The ROM or read only memory is in the form of a chip which is mounted on the motherboard. The information residing on the ROM cannot be altered. This memory is used to boot strap the PC or in simple words it is used while the computer is being started.

There are slots built into the motherboard for RAM, or random access memory. This memory is used while the microprocessor is storing temporary data. Another important kind of memory is the hard disc drive which is connected externally to the motherboard. This memory stores processed information. We may also find a floppy disc drive or FDD (which has almost become redundant). A CDROM or DVDROM drive has replaced FDD as the main source of storage and retrieval of external data.

Add input devices, which are for providing data to the PC, like a keyboard and a mouse and we have a fully working PC, right in front of us. The PC essentially has input devices which provide data, the microprocessor to process this information and output device to display the results. Memory in different forms is required to store data. This in short is what a PC is made of.

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